The Republic of Bulgaria is a state in South-Eastern Europe situated in the eastern part of the Balkan Peninsula. To the north, Bulgaria borders on Romania, to the east, on the Black Sea, to the south, on Turkey and Greece, to the west, on the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and the Republic of Macedonia.

Bulgaria's climate is moderately continental with four distinct seasons, the southernmost parts are affected by the Mediterranean. The mountainous type of climate is characteristic of altitudes over 1000 m with relatively low temperatures, abundant rainfall and a permanent snow cover. The average annual air temperature is 10,5°C. Winds vary, the north-westerly and the westerly winds are constant, these cause warm spells in spring and rainfall in summer. Often a north-easterly wind also blows, - cold in winter and warm in summer. The average annual rainfall is between 450 and 1300 mm (most frequently in May and June, in the high mountains - in winter). The snow cover remains from 10 days (on the Black Sea coast) to over 200 days (in the high mountains).